A study conducted by researchers at the University of Agder in Norway found links between children’s diets and behavioural outcomes, with higher fruit and vegetable intake associated with fewer internalised behavioural issues.
The research, published in the journal Nutrients, analysed data from 363 children aged four years and their mothers as part of the Early Food for Future Health study, a randomized controlled trial focused on improving diet between six and 12 months of age.
According to the study, children who consumed fruit and vegetables more frequently showed lower levels of internalised problems, including anxiety, depression, and withdrawal. The findings remained independent of maternal education, financial difficulties, and maternal symptoms of anxiety and depression.
At the same time, higher intake of sweet and salty snacks was associated with increased externalised behaviour problems, including aggression, oppositional behaviour, and attention-related challenges.
“Mental health challenges are increasing worldwide. Identifying preventable factors for such challenges is important and will have the greatest impact if identified in young children,” the researchers wrote.
The study noted that mental health during early childhood can influence later school performance, social skills, educational outcomes, and long-term health and socioeconomic conditions.
Researchers also highlighted that externalising behavioural problems remain among the most common childhood adjustment issues and are a leading reason for referral to child and adolescent mental health services.
According to the report, such behaviours often begin before the age of five. The study found that around two-thirds of children showing externalising problems between the ages of two and three continued to experience similar challenges at school age.
“This shows the importance of identifying factors relevant to mental health early in life,” the study concluded.
Source: Euro News